Type 2 diabetes | Clinique La Rive

Predisposition

Modifiable lifestyle factors significantly influence the development of T2D.

High consumption of refined carbohydrates and sugary foods worsens insulin resistance.

Excess fat, especially visceral fat, increases insulin resistance and inflammation.

Sedentary lifestyles reduce the absorption of glucose by muscles, worsening insulin resistance.

Poor sleep quality contributes to metabolic dysfunction and high levels of cortisol.

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Symptoms often develop gradually, making early detection difficult.

Excess glucose passes into the urine, taking water with it.

Caused by high levels of glucose in the blood.

Due to the breakdown of fat and muscle to produce energy.

The result of the body's inability to use glucose as an energy source.

High glucose levels affect the balance of eye fluids.

An accurate diagnosis is based on blood sugar tests and the identification of the first signs of insulin resistance.

Normal
‍ <60 mg/dL.

D
‍ >126 mg/dL

Reflects the average blood sugar level over three months.

Normal
‍ < 5.7%

Diabetic
> 6.5%

Evaluates the body's ability to process glucose.

Differentiates T1D from T2D by measuring insulin production

Management involves lifestyle changes, medication, and regular monitoring.

Low glycemic index diets, calorie restriction, and physical activity improve blood sugar control.
Exercising in zone 2 improves glucose uptake by muscles, bypassing insulin resistance.

Metformin: Reduces glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity.
GLP-1 receptor agonists: Help control blood sugar levels and help with weight loss.
SGLT2 inhibitors: Promote the excretion of glucose through the urine.
Continuous glucose monitoring: Provides real-time information on blood sugar fluctuations.