Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It causes voluntary muscles to lose control, ultimately affecting the ability to move, speak, eat, and breathe. Although the cause is often unknown, genetic mutations play an important role in familial cases.
Certain environmental and genetic factors increase the likelihood of developing ALS.
Increases risk, especially for women.
Prolonged exposure to heavy metals or pesticides is associated with increased risk.
A potential link between vigorous physical effort and the development of ALS.
Some studies suggest that repeated head injuries may increase the risk of ALS.
The symptoms of ALS vary but generally involve progressive muscle weakness.
In some cases, frontotemporal dementia (FTD) develops.
Diagnosing ALS involves ruling out other conditions and confirming neurodegeneration.
Measures the electrical activity of muscles to identify nerve damage.
Evaluate the transmission of signals by nerves.
Detects mutations such as SOD1, C9, or F72, and FUS in familial ALS cases.
Excludes structural abnormalities such as tumors.
Although there is no cure, treatments focus on symptom management and quality of life.
Physiotherapy to maintain mobility and reduce falls.