Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a critical role in regulating calcium levels. Abnormal PTH can indicate conditions like hyperparathyroidism or kidney disease, making early detection and appropriate management essential.
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, small glands located in the neck behind the thyroid.
Its main role is to regulate calcium levels in the blood, bones, and kidneys.
When calcium levels in the blood are too low, the parathyroid glands release more PTH to restore normal levels. Conversely, when calcium is too high, PTH levels decrease.
PTH tests are important for diagnosing conditions linked to abnormal calcium levels, such as hyperparathyroidism, kidney disease, and bone disorders.
A PTH test is usually prescribed when a calcium imbalance or a condition affecting the parathyroid glands is suspected. This test helps determine if the parathyroid glands are working properly and contributing to abnormal calcium levels.
PTH testing is recommended in the following cases:
PTH levels are usually measured by a blood test, where a sample is taken from a vein, usually from the arm.
In many cases, PTH is tested at the same time as calcium levels because these two elements are closely linked. This combined approach helps determine whether abnormal calcium levels are caused by parathyroid gland dysfunction or another underlying condition.
Common panels including PTH testing:
Preparations:
No special preparation is usually required, but your doctor may ask you to fast for a few hours before the test, depending on other tests done at the same time.
Normal PTH levels vary slightly depending on age and other factors such as pregnancy. Here are the general ranges:
Note : The units of measurement and the normal ranges may differ depending on the laboratory and the specific methods used.
High PTH levels
High levels of PTH indicate that the body is trying to increase calcium levels in the blood, often due to an underlying condition.
Causes of high levels:
Recommendations:
Low PTH levels
Low PTH levels suggest reduced parathyroid gland activity or another condition that suppresses PTH production.
Causes of low levels:
Recommendations:
If you have abnormal PTH levels or symptoms related to a calcium imbalance, see a endocrinologist. Endocrinologists specialize in the body's glands and hormones and can provide a detailed diagnosis and treatment plan tailored to your PTH levels.
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